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- *********************************************
- * ADP-ribosylation factors family signature *
- *********************************************
-
- ADP-ribosylation factors (ARF) [1,2] are 20 Kd GTP-binding proteins involved
- in protein trafficking. They may modulate vesicle budding and uncoating within
- the Golgi apparatus. ARFs also acts as an allosteric activator of cholera
- toxin ADP-ribosyltransferase activity. ARFs are evolutionary conserved and
- present in all eukaryotes. At least six forms of ARF are present in mammals
- and two are present in budding yeast. The ARF family also includes proteins
- highly related to ARFs but which lack the cholera toxin cofactor activity,
- these proteins are collectively known as ARLs (ARF-like).
-
- ARD1 is a 64 kd mammalian protein of unknown biological function that contains
- an ARF domain at its C-terminal extremity.
-
- Proteins from the ARF family are generally included in the RAS superfamily of
- small GTP-binding protein, but they are only slightly related to the other RAS
- proteins. They also differ from RAS proteins in that they lack cysteine
- residues at their C-termini and are therefore not subject to prenylation and
- that they are generally N-terminally myristoylated.
-
- As a signature pattern we selected a conserved region in the C-terminal part
- of ARFs and ARLs.
-
- -Consensus pattern: [HR]-x-[FYW]-x-[LIVM]-x(4)-A-x(2)-G-x(2)-[LIVM]-x(2)-
- [GSA]-[LIVM]-x-W-[LIVM]
- -Sequences known to belong to this class detected by the pattern: ALL.
- -Other sequence(s) detected in SWISS-PROT: NONE.
-
- -Note: the proteins belonging to this family also contain a copy of the
- ATP/GTP-binding motif A (see the relevant section).
-
- -Last update: June 1994 / First entry.
-
- [ 1] Moss J., Vaughan M.
- Cell. Signal. 4.367-399(1993).
- [ 2] Moss J., Vaughan M.
- Prog. Nucleic Acid Res. Mol. Biol. 45:47-65(1993).
-